The type of car inspection will dictate what is checked during the inspection process. There is no set standard for every inspection. Here are some items that may be covered for both safety inspections and inspections for insurance:

Tires
Suspension
Brakes
Fuel system
Electrical system
Exhaust system
Windows and wipers
Headlights
Mirrors
Body and chassis
Recent diagnostic codes
Instrument panel

The acceptable range for the condition of these systems will vary depending on the state as well. Car insurance inspections may also carry different requirements.